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Figure 8.45
Direct network (switch resides at processor
node). |
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Figure 8.46
Indirect network (switches are
separate from processor nodes). |
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1. Their fanoutthe number of bidirectional channels that connect a particular node to neighboring nodes. |
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2. The location of the processor memory for a cluster with respect to the switching channels of the network (Figures 8.45 and 8.46). |
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Networks whose nodes contain a processor and a portion of global memory, as well as network switching in a cluster, are said to be direct networks (Figure 8.45). Networks where the switching is accomplished separately from the processor clusters are said to be indirect networks (Figure 8.46). Networks are also said to be static or dynamic. In a static network, the topology or the relationship between nodes in the network is fixed. The path or paths between two nodes does not change. In a dynamic network, the paths between nodes can be altered both to establish connectivity and also to improve network bandwidth. |
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