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| Table 2.4 High-speed mainframe technology (c. 1990/91). |
| | Model | IBM 900 | Hitachi M-880a | Fujitsu M-1800 | | Cycle time | 9ns | 8ns | 7ns | | Number of processors | 6 | 4 | 8 | | Basic technology | | All use ECL (usually f = 0.7m, 4-layer metal); about 70100 ps/gate delay or about 200300 ps with line delay, etc. Each chip dissipates 2030 watts! |
| | ECL gates/chip | 5K | 12K | 15K | | Die size | | 12 ´ 12mm | 13 ´ 13mm | | Chips per module (module is frequently called MCMmultichip module) | 100 | 41 | 144 on 52 layer board | | Module size | | 10.6 ´ 10.6 cm | 24.5 ´ 24.5 cm | | Processor | Complete processor uses about 4 MCM's | Processor (excluding cache, etc.) is one module | Processor and cache and memory management is one board (141 chips) | | Gates/processor | 500,0001,000,000 | Same | Same | | Basic with cache, etc. | 12.5 million gates | Same | Same | | Power | | 14 KW/processor, cooled using chilled water |
| | aThe Hitachi 3800 announced in 1994 has a cycle time of 2 ns and uses improved versions of this same technology. |
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